arm

I am designing a full size humanoid arm to be mounted as a shoulder unit. I wanted to use this product to serve as the shoulder joint.
12V, 2.8A, 3333 oz-in NEMA-23 Bipolar Stepper Motor

robotshop.com/en/12v-28a-333 … motor.html

powered by this motor controller
PhidgetStepper Bipolar Stepper Motor Controller
robotshop.com/en/phidgetstep … #reviewBox

Good Match?

Arduino Compatible?

Can you recommend an appropriate encoder for the back end of the stepper?

You need to make some preliminary calculations. We suggest starting with worst case (easiest to calculate):
robotshop.com/blog/en/robot- … orial-7152
The rear shaft is 3.9mm. We do not have a specific model of encoder which is intended to fit that shaft, but you might find something you can adapt here:
robotshop.com/en/encoder-disks.html
Note that we have not heard of many people adding encoders to stepper motors as their steps should be absolute.