Hi,
Do you have a product number/link to the gears you are using ? Could you provide a picture of the gears and structure ? Also, please provide any other information that could help us better understand you project.
I want a gear structure that reduce the rpm of a motor . My problem is the way to set the gear axel to the frame. What kind of device do I use to make sure that the axel will turn easely on itself?
If you’re using spur gears, the gear needs to be on a free spinning shaft supported by two ball bearings (one on either side). To keep the shaft in place axially, you can use lock collars / shaft collars. The gear connected to the motor’s output shaft tends to not need support on the opposite side. For easy assembly, there are “pillow blocks” which include a bearing and mounting points.
Ex: https://www.robotshop.com/en/actobotics-pillow-block-14.html
Normally you need a gear train to reduce the speed of a DC motor, which involves quite a few shafts, gears etc. Whenever possible, purchasing a DC gear motor is best and will save you considerable design time / custom parts / experimentation.